National Culture and Its Relation to Media Essay - 2770 Words

Introduction American writer Gertrude Stein uses â€Å"There is no there there† in the book Everybody’s Autobiography to describe Oakland. She spent her girlhood in Oakland, but she perceived that Oakland was inauthentic. When she mentioned France, where she lived most of her life, she said: â€Å"It is not real but it is really there† (Stein 1970: 2). France is more tangible to her than her nation. What does the nation mean to Stein? What is the essence of nation? Watson posits that â€Å"a nation is a community of people, whose members are bound together by a sense of solidarity, a common culture, a national consciousness† (Watson 1997: 1). A more familiar definition was coined by Anderson: â€Å"It is an imagined political community and imagined as both†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"The press always takes on the form and coloration of the social and political structures within which it operates† (Siebert 1963: 2). However, the influence of the nation d iffers from different media systems. Hallin and Mancini, in their book, lay out a framework for comparing media systems. They select four major dimensions: the media market, the political parallelism, the journalistic professionalism and the state intervention system. (Hallin Mancini 2004: 21). In order to analyse how ideas of the nation can be related to media systems, this paper selects two dimensions from the frame: the political parallelism and the journalistic professionalism. By looking at different relationships between the nation and media system in these two models, this article elaborates the latent national framing of media system and the possible professionalism of media. Whereas, the practical circumstances are far more complicated than two models; in order to be specific, the paper just select two perspectives. Media are magnifiers? In order to illustrate how media maintain the continuous national consciousness among the public, it is imperative to know the traits of media system. According to Meyrowitz, media are compared to â€Å"conduits, languages and environments† (Meyrowitz 1993: 56). These three metaphors are woven together in media system, building the national consensus together. On the basis of Meyrowitz’s theory: mediaShow MoreRelatedMedia s Portrayal Of Islamic Extremists During The Middle East1178 Words   |  5 Pages2001, U.S. citizens were shocked that over 2,900 people were dead because of Islamic extremists (Kean, et al. National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States). More deaths occurred in the Paris and San Bernardino attacks. Tensions between the U.S. and Islamic extremists have not yet subsided. Americans receive information regarding Islamic extremists through the media, from which they form opinions on what the U.S.’s foreign policy with the Middle East should be, which affects militaryRead MoreIr and Glocalization1154 Words   |  5 PagesIr and globalization CONENT: Introduction Body 1. 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